In this chapter
- 6.1 Public Health ConsiderationsPDF p. 214 ↗
- 6.1.1 What is the Intended Use of the Reclaimed Water?PDF p. 214 ↗
- 6.1.2 What Constituents are Present in a Wastewater Source, and What Level of Treatment is Applicable for Reducing Constituents to Levels That Achieve the Desired Reclaimed Water Quality?PDF p. 215 ↗
- 6.1.3 Which Sampling/Monitoring Protocols are Required to Ensure that Water Quality Objectives are Being Met?PDF p. 215 ↗
- 6.2 Wastewater Constituents and Assessing Their RisksPDF p. 216 ↗
- 6.2.1 Microorganisms in WastewaterPDF p. 216 ↗
- 6.2.1.1 Protozoa and HelminthsPDF p. 218 ↗
- 6.2.1.2 BacteriaPDF p. 218 ↗
- 6.2.1.3 VirusesPDF p. 219 ↗
- 6.2.1.4 AerosolsPDF p. 219 ↗
- 6.2.1.5 Indicator OrganismsPDF p. 219 ↗
- 6.2.1.6 Removal of MicroorganismsPDF p. 220 ↗
- 6.2.1.7 Risk Assessment of Microbial ContaminantsPDF p. 221 ↗
- 6.2.2 Chemicals in WastewaterPDF p. 222 ↗
- 6.2.2.1 Inorganic ChemicalsPDF p. 222 ↗
- 6.2.2.2 OrganicsPDF p. 223 ↗
- 6.2.2.3 Trace Chemical ConstituentsPDF p. 224 ↗
- 6.3 Regulatory Approaches to Establishing Treatment Goals for Reclaimed WaterPDF p. 229 ↗
- 6.3.1 Microbial InactivationPDF p. 230 ↗
- 6.3.2 Constituents of Emerging ConcernPDF p. 231 ↗
- 6.3.2.1 Example of California’s Regulatory Approach to CECsPDF p. 232 ↗
- 6.3.2.2 Example of Australia’s Regulatory Approach to PharmaceuticalsPDF p. 233 ↗
- 6.4 Wastewater Treatment for ReusePDF p. 233 ↗
- 6.4.1 Source ControlPDF p. 234 ↗
- 6.4.2 FiltrationPDF p. 235 ↗
- 6.4.2.1 Depth FiltrationPDF p. 236 ↗
- 6.4.2.2 Surface FiltrationPDF p. 236 ↗
- 6.4.2.3 Membrane FiltrationPDF p. 236 ↗
- 6.4.2.4 BiofiltrationPDF p. 237 ↗
- 6.4.3 DisinfectionPDF p. 238 ↗
- 6.4.3.1 ChlorinationPDF p. 239 ↗
- 6.4.3.2 Ultraviolet DisinfectionPDF p. 240 ↗
- 6.4.3.3 OzonePDF p. 242 ↗
- 6.4.3.4 PasteurizationPDF p. 243 ↗
- 6.4.3.5 FerratePDF p. 244 ↗
- 6.4.4 Advanced OxidationPDF p. 244 ↗
- 6.4.5 Natural SystemsPDF p. 246 ↗
- 6.4.5.1 Treatment Mechanisms in Natural SystemsPDF p. 246 ↗
- 6.4.5.2 WetlandsPDF p. 248 ↗
- 6.4.5.3 Soil Aquifer Treatment SystemsPDF p. 249 ↗
- 6.4.6 Monitoring for Treatment PerformancePDF p. 249 ↗
- 6.4.7 Energy Considerations in Reclaimed Water TreatmentPDF p. 250 ↗
- 6.5 ReferencesPDF p. 251 ↗